| Past Issue | Volume 8, Number 4, August 2006 | | Ocular Manifestations and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Retinopathy in Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in North India |
V Satya Suresh Attili,1 Vijay P Singh,1 AV Bhaskar Reddy,2 Datla V Varma,3 Madhukar Rai,1 Kumar A Gulati,4 Shyam Sundar1
1Department of Medicine, 2Department of Ophthalmology, 3Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, and 4Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Aim: To evaluate the spectrum of eye diseases in patients with human immunodeficiency virus, with special reference to human immunodeficiency virus retinopathy and its risk factors.
Methods: All patient with human immunodeficiency virus attending the Infectious Disease Clinic at Sir Sunderlal Hospital, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India, between January 2001 and December 2003 were enrolled. All patients underwent a thorough eye examination. Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome retinopathy were analysed separately for predisposing factors. The risk factors analysed were positive C-reactive protein, low CD4 levels, associated central nervous system infections, and other eye diseases. Statistical analysis was done using Medcalc version 7.5.
Results: Of 460 analysable patients, 88 patients (19%) had some eye manifestations, and 54 patients had human immunodeficiency virus retinopathy. Univariate analysis disclosed that immunosuppression (CD4 levels, <200/mL), positive C-reactive protein, associated eye lesions, and any central nervous system pathology were significant risk factors for the development of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome retinopathy.
Conclusions: Human immunodeficiency virus could be a risk factor for retinopathy as a significant number of patients did not have any other findings or risk factors for the development of retinopathy. However, it would be premature to draw definitive conclusions about the risk factors, as the number of patients analysed was small.
Key words: : CD4-positive T-lymphocytes, Eye manifestations, HIV infections, India
Asian J Ophthalmol 2006;8:139-42.
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